The absolute maximum temperature ever recorded was 42.4 °C (108 °F), while the absolute minimum ever recorded was −13 °C (9 °F).[67]. Even the city's prominent Muslim families preferred to send their children to well-established Greek institutions, notably the Zosimaia. Only 181 Ioannina Jews are known to have survived the war, including 112 who survived Auschwitz and 69 who fled to join the resistance leader Napoleon Zervas and the National Republican Greek League (EDES). In 1877 for example, Albanian leaders sent a memorandum to the Ottoman government demanding, among other things, the establishment of Albanian language schools and various Muslim Albanians of the Vilayet formed in Ioannina a committee which aimed at defending Albanian rights. The combined effect of the castle, the fortress, the lake, and the mountain views gives the city a fairytale feel. The school's library, which hosted several manuscripts and epigrams, was also burned the same year following the capture of Ioannina by the troops the Sultan had sent against Ali Pasha. [38] The Maroutses family, also active in Venice, founded the Maroutsaia School, which opened in 1742 and its first director Eugenios Voulgaris championed the study of the physical sciences (physics and chemistry) as well as philosophy and Greek. According to the local Greek scholar Panayiotis Aravantinos, a synagogue destroyed in the 18th century bore an inscription, which dated its foundation in the late 9th century AD. Arbeiter Samariter Bund Deutschland e.V (ASB) started its activities in Greece in March 2016, focusing on the provision of Humanitarian Aid to refugees/migrants. Born in Tepelenë, he maintained diplomatic relations with the most important European leaders of the time and his court became a point of attraction for many of those restless minds who would become major figures of the Greek Revolution (Georgios Karaiskakis, Odysseas Androutsos, Markos Botsaris and others). [18][21] In c. 1275 or c. 1285, John I Doukas, now ruler of Thessaly, launched a raid against the city and its environs, and a few years later an army from the restored Byzantine Empire unsuccessfully laid siege to the city. [74] There are two citadels in the castle. The Zosimaia was the first significant educational foundation established after the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence (1828). [75] The old Jewish Synagogue of Ioannina is located within the walls of the castle and is one of the oldest and largest buildings of its type surviving in Greece.[76][75]. [83] The Byzantine Museum is located in the south-eastern citadel of the castle. There are two forms of the name Greek, Ioannina being the formal and historical name, while the colloquial and much more commonly used Υannena or Υannina (Greek: Γιάννενα, Γιάννινα) represents the vernacular tradition of Demotic Greek. One of the most notable attractions of Ioannina is the inhabited island of Lake Pamvotis which is simply referred to as Island of Ioannina. The Maroutsaia also suffered after the fall of Venice and closed in 1797 to be reopened as the Kaplaneios School thanks to a benefaction from an Ioannite living in Russia, Zoes Kaplanes. Κώστας Βλάχος Η., "Ζωσιμαία Σχολή Ιωαννίνων" from the archives of the Zosimaia. The names of the Ioanniote Jews who were killed in the Holocaust are engraved in stone on the walls of the synagogue. The city has two hospitals, the General Hospital of Ioannina "G. Hatzikosta", and the University Hospital of Ioannina. [84] The newest addition to the city's museum, the silversmithing museum, is also located in the south-eastern citadel. It thus served as a place of refuge for many Greeks of the region of Vagenetia. [42][43][44][45] The Greek population of the region authorized a committee to present to European governments their wish for union with Greece; as a result Dimitrios Chasiotis published a memorandum in Paris in 1879. It is located within the Ioannina municipality, and is the capital of Ioannina regional unit and the region of Epirus. [25] In the Epirote revolt of 1337–1338 against Byzantine rule, the city remained loyal to Emperor Andronikos III Palaiologos. [89][90][91][92][93], As of 2017, there is a student population of 25,000 enrolled at the university (21,900 at the undergraduate level and 3,200 at the postgraduate level) and 580 faculty members, while teaching is further supplemented by 171 Teaching Fellows and 132 Technical Laboratory staff. Ioannina is the capital and largest city of Epirus, an administrative region in north-­‐western Greece, with a population of 112,486 (2011 census). These merchants were to be major national benefactors. Ioannina is a university city.. General Info. [65], The present municipality Ioannina was formed at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 6 former municipalities, that became municipal units (constituent communities in brackets):[66], Ioannina has a borderline humid subtropical (Cfa) and Mediterranean climate (Csa) in the Köppen climate classification, since only two summer months have less than 40 millimetres (1.6 in) of rainfall, preventing it from being classified as solely humid subtropical or Mediterranean, and is tempered by its inland location and elevation. Ioannina lies at an elevation of approximately 500 metres (1,640 feet) above sea level, on the western shore of Lake Pamvotis (Παμβώτις). [41] It was a School of Liberal Arts (Greek, Philosophy and Foreign Languages). [18], Under Michael I, the city was enlarged and fortified anew. [59] The Jewish cemetery too was repeatedly vandalized in 2009. It lies at an elevation of approximately 500 metres (1,640 feet) above sea level, on the western shore of lake Pamvotis (Παμβώτις). A small Muslim community of Albanian origin continued to live in Ioannina after the exchange, which in 1940 counted 20 families and had decreased to 8 individuals in 1973. [15] Early 21st-century excavations have brought to light fortifications dating to the Hellenistic period, the course of which was largely followed by later reconstruction of the fortress in the Byzantine and Ottoman periods. Ioannina is located 436 km (271 mi) northwest of Athens, 290 kilometres (180 miles) southwest of Thessaloniki and 90 km (56 miles) east of the port of Igoumenitsa in the Ionian Sea. It was renamed Balaneios by its rector, Balanos Vasilopoulos, in 1725. The interior of the synagogue is laid out in the Romaniote way: the Bimah (where the Torah scrolls are read out during service) is on a raised dais on the western wall, the Aron haKodesh (where the Torah scrolls are kept) is on the eastern wall and at the middle there is a wide interior aisle. On March 24, 1944, 1,860 Jews were seized by the … There is a limited number of texts written with Greek alphabet in their idiom. [46], According to the Ottoman censuses of 1881/1893, the city and its environs (the central kaza of the Sanjak of Ioannina), had a population comprising 4,759 Muslims, 77,258 Greek Orthodox (including both Greek and Albanian speakers), 3,334 Jews and 207 of foreign nationality. Spread around the eastern bank of Pamvotis Lake, the city faces snow-capped mountains and is often surrounded by thick morning mist. In 1948 there were 170 jews living in the town, and by 1967 their number had dwindled to 92. [7][8] Ioannina also features the Ioannina Castle and the oldest Byzantine fortress in Greece. [15][17] In a chrysobull to the Venetians in 1198, the city is listed as part of its own province (provincia Joanninorum or Joaninon). The Ottoman-Albanian lord Ali Pasha was one of the most influential personalities of the region in the 18th and 19th centuries. It is divided in three departments, each one representing one of the main communities that inhabited the city: Greek, Ottoman Muslim, and Jewish. [51] During the subsequent Axis occupation of Greece, the city's Jewish community was rounded up by the Germans in 1944 and mostly perished in the concentration camps. [88], The University of Ioannina (Greek: Πανεπιστήμιο Ιωαννίνων, Panepistimio Ioanninon) is a university located 5 km southwest of Ioannina, Greece. Численность населения Янина. Centered around the old fortified part of the city (or Kastro), where the … Population of the Municipality of Ioannina. [18] The Metropolitan of Naupaktos, John Apokaukos, reports how the city was but a "small town", until Michael gathered refugees who had fled Constantinople and other parts of the Empire that fell to the crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, and settled them there, transforming the city into a fortress and "ark of salvation". Set atop a 100-metre cliff overlooking the Lake Pamvotida, the capital of Epirus is an old town with an intriguing history. During that time, the population of Jews and Muslims in Ioannina almost equaled the Christian population. The city's foundation has traditionally been ascribed to the Byzantine Emperor Justinian in the 6th century AD, but modern archaeological research has uncovered evidence of Hellenistic settlements. As a couplet has it "The city was first in arms, money and letters". This was 3.02% of total Greece population. When the French scholar François Pouqueville visited the city during the early years of the 19th century, he counted 3,200 homes (2,000 Christian, 1,000 Muslim, 200 Jewish). [12], The exact time of Ioannina's foundation is unknown, but it is commonly identified with an unnamed new, "well-fortified" city, recorded by the historian Procopius as having been built by the Byzantine emperor Justinian I for the inhabitants of ancient Euroia. It includes archaeological exhibits documenting the human habitation of Epirus from prehistoric times through the late Roman Period, with special emphasis placed on finds from the Dodona sanctuary. Today, the University is one of the leading academic institutions in Greece. Soon, however, the Epirote ruler Michael II Komnenos Doukas, aided by his younger son John I Doukas, managed to recover their capital of Arta and relieve Ioannina, evicting the Nicaeans from Epirus. The south-eastern citadel, which bears the name Its Kale (Ιτς Καλέ, from Turkish Iç Kale, "inner fortress")[citation needed] is where the Fethiye Mosque, the tomb of Ali Pasha, and the Byzantine Museum are located. Ioannina is the wettest city in Greece. ), The area is famous for its spring water from, The region of Ioannina is well known for the production of, This page was last edited on 13 March 2021, at 11:28. Nevertheless, the Greek defense in Kalpaki pushed back the invading Italians. A lot of Islamic history in Ioannina is tied to his rule. It is also the seat of the University of Ioannina. The university Administrative Services are staffed with 420 employees.[94][95]. The marketplace was soon reconstructed according to the plans of the German architect Holz, thanks to the personal interest of Ahmet Rashim Pasha, the local governor. [8] The efforts of Ali Pasha to break away from the Sublime Porte alarmed the Ottoman government, and in 1820 (the year before the Greek War of Independence began) he was declared guilty of treason and Ioannina was besieged by Turkish troops. [34] The school continued its activities until 1758, when it was superseded by the newer collegial institutions within the city. During this time, however, Ali Pasha committed a number of atrocities against the Greek population of Ioannina, culminating in the sewing up of local women in sacks and drowning them in the nearby lake,[40] this period of his rule coincides with the greatest economic and intellectual prosperity of the city. It lies at an elevation of approximately 500 metres above sea level, on the western shore of lake Pamvotis.. Several religious and secular monuments survive from the Ottoman period. Ioannina can serve as a base to see the surrounding areas of … According to another theory, the city was named after Ioannina, the daughter of Belisarius, general of the emperor Justinian.[9][10]. Ioannina (Ιωάννινα) (population: 112,486 (2011)) is a beautiful small town in Northern Greece whose old town is surrounded by tall defensive walls.. Esau recalled those exiled under Thomas and restored the properties confiscated by him. Its name means "the Old Synagogue". Objectives: To investigate the incidence and prevalence, as well as the mortality and survival rates, of systemic sclerosis (SSc) in a defined area of northwest Greece with a population of about 500,000 inhabitants. In the middle of the 19th century the Jewish community of Ioannina was one of the central Jewish communities in Greece, with some 2,400 Jews who comprised some 15% of the city’s population. Despite the ongoing Ottoman expansion and the conflicts between Turks and Albanians in the vicinity of Ioannina, Esau managed to secure a period of peace for the city, especially following his second marriage to Spata's daughter Irene in c. 1396. In 1910 the Jewish population was 3,000 and on the eve of the Holocaust it was 1,950. The data for this record was last updated 3/29/15 . Ali Pasha was assassinated in 1822 in the monastery of St Panteleimon on the island of the lake, where he took refuge while waiting to be pardoned by Sultan Mahmud II. In the Depression of the early 1930s, many Ioanniote Jews migrated to Athens for economic betterment. найте численность населения в вашем регионе! Locations near Ioannina include the Island of Nissi and the Village of Nissi. Communities of people from Ioannina living abroad were active in financing the construction of most of the city's churches, schools and other elegant buildings of charitable establishments. [86] The Municipal Art Gallery of Ioannina (Dimotiki Pinakothiki) is housed in the Pyrsinella neoclassical building dating from around 1890. New Queens College Virtual Exhibition, “Romaniote Memories, a Jewish Journey From Ioannina, Greece, to Manhattan: Photographs by Vincent Giordano,” Explores One of the Oldest Jewish Communities in Existence and Its Presence in New York City — With Over 80% of Greece’s Jewish Population Murdered During World War II, the Exhibition is Presented in Commemoration of … Ioannina surrendered to the Ottomans in 1430 and until 1868 it was the administrative center of the Pashalik of Yanina. One of the most important people in the history of Ioannina was Ali Paşa who ruled large parts of Albania and northern Greece from 1788 until his execution in 1822. Ioannina is located 410 km (255 mi) northwest of Athens, 260 kilometres (162 mil… Answer: Ioannina (Ioánnina, Ιωάννινα), Greece ( Administrative unit : Epirus) - last known population is ≈ 85 800 (year 2011). The Greek city of Ioannina is even more spectacular to behold compared to other cities. These schools took over the long tradition of the Byzantine era, giving a significant boost to the Greek Enlightenment. Over 80 percent of Greece’s Jewish population perished in the Holocaust, decimating the country’s historic Romaniote communities. The monastery of St Panteleimon, where Ali Pasha spent his last days waiting for a pardon from the Sultan, is now a museum housing everyday artefacts and relics of his period. It is the capital of the homonymous prefecture, and a lively city of more than 100,000 inhabitants. [82] The churches of the Assumption of the Virgin at Perivleptos, Saint Nicholas of Kopanon and Saint Marina were rebuilt in the 1850s by funds from Nikolaos Zosimas and his brothers on the foundations of previous churches that perished in the great fire of 1820. [61], In the municipal election of 2019, independent candidate Moses Elisaf, a 65-year-old doctor was elected mayor of the city, the first Jew elected mayor in Greece. [55], Today the remaining community has shrunk to about 50 mostly elderly people. ASB Greece. About Ioannina: The Facts: Region: Epirus. [3][4][5][6] Ioannina was ceded to Greece in 1913 following the Balkan Wars. The Municipal Ethnographic Museum is hosted in Aslan Pasha Mosque in the north-east citadel. Its architecture is typical of the Ottoman era, a large building made of stone. As the 19th century came to a close, signs of national agitation emerged among some parts of the city' s population. [8], Despite the repression and conversions in the 17th century, and the prominence of the Muslim population in the city's affairs, Ioannina retained its Christian majority throughout Ottoman rule, and the Greek language retained a dominant position; Turkish was spoken by the Ottoman officials and the garrison, and the Albanian inhabitants used Albanian, but the lingua franca and native language of most inhabitants was Greek, including among the Tourkoyanniotes, and was sometimes used by the Ottoman authorities themselves.[8]. [18] In the treaty of partition of the Byzantine lands after the Fourth Crusade, Ioannina was promised to the Venetians, but in the event, it became part of the new state of Epirus, founded by Michael I Komnenos Doukas. Albanian: Janina or Janinë, Aromanian: Ianina, Enina or Enãna, Turkish: Yanya). In 1841 the “Kahal Kadosh Hadash” (or “New Holy Community”) was built over the foundations of the old synagogue in Ioannina. Rowing is also very popular in Ioannina; the lake hosted several international events and serves as the venue for part of the annual Greek Rowing Championships. [11] During classical antiquity the basin was inhabited by the Molossians and four of their settlements have been identified there. Of these, 1,870 were deported by the Nazis to concentration camps on 25 March 1944, during the final months of German occupation. "Janina" redirects here. Approximately 164 of these survivors eventually returned to Ioannina. It was built on the foundations of the previous Orthodox Cathedral which was destroyed in the fires of 1820. The city's emblem consists of the portrait of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian crowned by a stylized depiction of the nearby ancient theater of Dodona. It is located at the Litharitsia fortress area. Despite the extensive destruction suffered in Molossia during the Roman conquest of 167 BC, settlement continued in the basin albeit no longer in an urban pattern. The sound of Greece alone is enough to cheer the minds of any Westerner, Asian, or even African tourist; not just because it’s a country of lovable people and amazing history, but because of its great scenery and wonderful getaway spots. In the late 17th century Ioannina was a thriving city with respect to population and commercial activity. [33], Under Ottoman rule, Ioannina remained an administrative centre, as the seat of the Sanjak of Ioannina, and experienced a period of relative stability and prosperity. Ioannina is one of the four cities in Epirus. Of the 1,960 Jews who were deported to Auschwitz from Ioannina, Greece, 110 survived. The Balaneios taught philosophy, theology and mathematics. In 1919 the jewish population was 3,000, and on the eve of the Holocaust it was 1,950. The island is a short ferry trip from the mainland and can be reached on small motorboats running on varying frequencies depending on the season. Over 80% of Greece’s Jewish population perished in the Holocaust, decimating the country’s historic Romaniote communities. The castle was in constant use until the late Ottoman period and the fortifications underwent several modifications throughout the centuries.
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